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Ethics and animals
Speciesism
Arguments against speciesism
Defenses of speciesism
The argument from species overlap
The argument from relevance
The argument from impartiality
Begging the question
Moral intuitions and biases
Speciesism FAQ
Ethical theories and nonhuman animals
Different ethical theories
Egalitarianism
Utilitarianism
Negative consequentialism
Rights theories: The general approach
Rights theories: Different positions
Contractarianism
Virtue and care ethics
Animal interests
Interest in not suffering
Interest in living
The weight of animals’ interests
Sentience
Introduction to sentience
What is sentience
The problem of consciousness
Consciousness and self-consciousness
Consciousness and cognition
Animal sentience
The idea that only humans are sentient
Criteria for recognizing sentience
What beings are conscious
What beings are not conscious
Indicators of animal suffering
The relevance of sentience
Why we should consider sentient beings, rather than all living beings
Why we should consider individuals, rather than ecosystems
Why we should consider individuals, rather than species
The argument from relevance
Animal exploitation
Animals used for food
Fishing
Fish farming
Chickens and hens
Pig farms
Cows
Sheeps and goats
Exploitation of bees by humans
Diseases in land farms
Diseases in fish farms
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The journey to the slaughterhouse
The slaughter of animals
Animal used for clothing
Leather
Cows
Sheeps and goats
Pig factories
Fur farms
Animals captured for their fur
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Feathers
Silk
Animal used for entertainment
Sport fishing
Hunting
Animals in circuses and other shows
Bullfighting and other entertainment using bulls
Animal experimentation
Environmental research
Cosmetic and household products testing
Military experimentation
Biomedical experimentation
Experimentation with new materials
Animals used in primary and secondary education
Animals used in higher education
Research methods that do not involve the use of nonhuman animals
Companies that test on animals
Companies that do not test on animals
Animals kept as companions or for leisure
Dogs, cats and other animals kept as pets or companions
Fishes and birds kept for leisure
Animals as workers and tools
Animals used as workers
Military use of animals
Animal experimentation
Veganism
Veganism FAQ
Why be vegan?
Responses to questions and objections to veganism
Information about going vegan
Veganism and antispeciesism
Speciesism
Vegan tips
Meeting challenges as a transitioning vegan
Personalize your vegan diet
Supportive vegan communities
Vegan nutrition
Vitamins
Minerals
Proteins
Lipids
Special cases
Vegan food for animals
Wild animal suffering
The situation of animals in the wild
Malnutrition and thirst in wild animals
Diseases in nature
Physical injuries in wild animals
Weather conditions and nonhuman animals
Animals in natural disasters
Antagonism in nature: Interspecific conflict
Antagonism in nature: Intraspecific fights
Antagonism in nature: Sexual conflict
Psychological stress in wild animals
Why wild animal suffering matters
Population dynamics and animal suffering
Evolutionary reasons why suffering prevails in nature
Can animals in the wild be harmed in the same ways as domesticated animals and humans?
Helping animals in the wild
Rescuing trapped animals
Vaccinating and healing injured and sick animals
Helping animals in fires and natural disasters
Providing for the basic needs of animals
Caring for orphaned animals
Working for a future with fewer harms suffered by animals in the wild
Defending animals
What you can do
Helping animals in the wild
Veganism
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